Authors
Michele Consolini
Abstract

This report investigates the polarisation of attitudes and opinions among Europeans over 20 years, based on data from the European Social Survey. It investigates trends and national variations in polarisation, examining whether values and attitudes have become oppositional over time, and explores the drivers of this polarisation. In addition, the report addresses the fall in support for Ukraine among Europeans, with insights from Eurofound’s Living and Working in Europe panel data. The report also highlights new tools to improve democratic participation and engage citizens in policymaking. Four case studies present successes and requirements for an inclusive and resilient democratic ecosystem.

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